WATER SHAPES THE WORLD

WATER SHAPES THE WORLD
AND PEOPLE

Water shapes the world and people because it is the foundation of life on Earth and one of the main factors in the development of civilization. For thousands of years, water has shaped landscapes, sculpted rocks, created rivers and valleys, separated continents and connected them with sea routes. Water gave rise to the first settlements and cities, and access to it has determined the survival, wealth, and development of communities.

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WATER AS A SYSTEM

Solvent

Water dissolves minerals, gases, and organic compounds, enabling their transport within ecosystems and living organisms. This property makes water the primary medium for biochemical reactions and nutrient exchange.

Thermal Regulator

Due to its high heat capacity, water absorbs and releases large amounts of energy with minimal temperature change. This regulates climate, protects organisms from thermal shock, and maintains stable environmental conditions.

Transport Medium

Water enables continuous transport through soil, plants, and organisms. In vascular systems, it moves nutrients, supports structural integrity, and sustains growth through internal pressure and flow dynamics.

Structural Agent

Water influences physical structure at multiple scales — from soil composition and erosion to cellular form and tissue stability. Its presence defines both biological architecture and landscape formation.

PLANT WATER FLOW

LIVE PLANT WATER DYNAMICS

Environmental Conditions

  • Soil moisture24.6 %
  • Air temperature29.0 C
  • Relative humidity58.0 %
  • Solar radiation (PAR)12.9 umol/m2/s

Root Zone

  • Water uptake rate1.85 L/h
  • Root water potential−0.42 MPa

Xylem Flow

  • Sap flow rate3.02 L/h
  • Xylem water velocity0.21 m/h

Trunk Response

  • Stem diameter change+0.18 mm
  • Water storage capacity6.4 L

Canopy / Transpiration

  • Transpiration rate2.76 L/h
  • Leaf water loss0.92 mmol/m²/s

WATER AND GROWTH

Water availability directly regulates plant growth and structural development. Continuous water flow supports cell expansion, nutrient transport, and photosynthetic activity. Variations in water supply influence growth rate, stem thickness, and overall plant stability.

LIVING CONDITIONS

Prolonged water deficiency can lead to reduced cell turgor, limited nutrient uptake, and decreased metabolic activity. As a result, plants may exhibit wilting, smaller leaves, and weaker root systems. In contrast, adequate and consistent hydration promotes deeper root growth, better structural support, and improved resistance to environmental stress.